Article 15 - Prohibition of Discrimination
Constitutional protection against discrimination based on gender and other grounds
Constitutional Text
"The State shall not discriminate against any citizen on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex, place of birth or any of them."
Prohibited Grounds of Discrimination
Sex/Gender: Discrimination based on being male or female is constitutionally prohibited.
Religion: No discrimination based on religious beliefs or practices.
Race and Caste: Protection against racial and caste-based discrimination.
Place of Birth: Equal treatment regardless of birthplace or origin.
Special Provisions for Women
Article 15(3): Empowers the State to make special provisions for women and children.
Positive Discrimination: Allows affirmative action programs specifically for women's advancement.
Protective Legislation: Enables laws for women's safety, health, and welfare without being discriminatory.
Impact on Women's Rights
Article 15 has been the foundation for numerous women-centric laws and policies, including reservations in education, employment, and political representation. It provides the constitutional basis for addressing historical disadvantages faced by women.
Practical Applications
Education: Equal access to educational institutions and scholarships for women.
Employment: Protection against gender-based discrimination in hiring and workplace treatment.
Public Services: Equal access to government services and benefits regardless of gender.